Learn Electrical Engineering
Explore key electrical parameters — voltage, current, power, resistance, reactance, and impedance essential for system analysis and design.
What is Insulation Resistance? Insulation resistance measures how well an insulating material stops leakage current. We measure this blocking ability in Ohms (Ω). Furthermore, good insulation has very high resistance. In contrast, poor insulation allows current to leak. Obviously, this leakage can cause electric shocks, equipment damage, and fire hazards. Basic Formula of Insulation Resistance … Read more
A resistor is one of the fundamental components in circuits. It limits current flow or divides voltages in the circuit. Although all types of resistors serve the same basic function, different manufacturing methods and materials create distinctions among them. Each type has its unique characteristics suited for specific applications. Differnt Types of Resistors as Follows … Read more
A wire wound resistor consists of a winding of resistive wire wrapped around a non-conductive cylinder. This is the oldest type of resistor. Although we use wire wound resistors these days. Because these resistors provide high accuracy, better stability. Also, they can handle much more power than other types of resistors available for fixed resistor … Read more
A metal film resistor is a passive resistor. It uses a thin film of metal alloy deposited around a ceramic cylinder to provide the current path of the resistor. The ceramic cylinder provides mechanical strength to the resistor. The tolerance of the metal film resistor is quite lower than that of the carbon composition resistor … Read more
A carbon film resistor is first made by depositing a thin layer of carbon onto a ceramic (usually alumina) cylindrical substrate through a process called pyrolysis or vacuum deposition. Then, during construction, the carbon film is carefully trimmed or spiraled to achieve the desired resistance value. After that, metal end caps and lead wires are … Read more
What is a Carbon Composition Resistor? A carbon composition resistor is a simple electronic component. Engineers use it to control current flow in circuits. This resistor contains carbon particles mixed with clay material. Construction and Manufacturing Manufacturers follow a simple process to make these resistors. First, they mix fine carbon powder with ceramic clay. The … Read more
What is resistivity? Understand specific resistance, its units (ohm-meter), how material, length, area, and temperature affect conductor resistance. Laws of Resistance The resistance offered by a conductor depends upon four major factors. Length of the Conductor: One factor is the length of the conductor. That means if we increase the length of the conductor without … Read more
Electrical resistance is the opposition to electric current flowing through a conductor. Simply put, it blocks or reduces the movement of electrons through a conductor. When an electric current flows through a conductor, electrons drift from one end to the other end of the conductor. During this drifting, the moving free electrons collide with atoms … Read more
Let us discuss the effect of temperature on resistance. When the temperature of a conductor increases, its resistance also increases. This relation is linear. In other words, the change in resistance is directly proportional to the change in temperature. Mathematical Relationship If R1 is the initial resistance of a particular resistor or conductor at T1 … Read more
German physicist Georg Simon Ohm published his remarkable findings in 1827. This was the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. We refer to this as Ohm’s Law. What Exactly is Ohm’s Law? Ohm’s Law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across the conductor and inversely proportional to … Read more
For Battery Sizing Calculation First, we consider a single battery bank for DC power for the entire substation. In our case, the DC system is 220V; hence, we first set the voltage rating of our battery to 220V. Here, we need to note for future extension of the substation. Because once we installed the battery … Read more
Let us have a detailed discussion on the Quality Factor and Dissipation Factor. We also call these two factors the Q factor and the D Factor. What is Quality Factor or Q Factor? The Quality Factor, or Q factor, is the dimensionless parameter that describes the efficiency and sharpness of the reactive components. The reactive … Read more
Power stations generate electric power. Electrical power transmission lines transmit the generated power to far places. The resistance and reactance of the line cause a voltage drop in the power. The Voltage Regulation of Transmission Line is the change in voltage between the sending and receiving ends. What is Voltage Regulation? We express the Voltage … Read more
Skin effect is a phenomenon that occurs in conductors. It mainly occurs while a conductor carries alternating current. Actually, when an alternating current tries to flow through the outer layer of the conductor. The inner portion of the conductor carries much lower current than the outer surface. As a result, the current distribution across the … Read more