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Surya Let us try to understand why transmission of electricity requires a high-voltage transmission system. This is essential before discussing the details of an electrical transmission system, Requirement of Electrical Transmission System All the generating stations generate electric power at a low voltage level. Because generating electrical power at a low voltage level is economical. Actually, … Read more
We mostly use self-supported towers for electrical EHV power transmission. A self-supported tower differs from other types because of its construction features. This tower does not require any stay wire or guy wire to keep it stable in the vertical direction. We generally use lattice-type towers made from galvanized iron (GI) angles of different sizes … Read more
Power Transmission Utilities use lattice-structured transmission towers for extra high voltage transmission lines and ultra-high voltage transmission lines, normally above 33 kV or including 33 kV lines. They use galvanized iron or GI angles with nuts and bolts to erect the electrical transmission towers. The height of these towers ranges from 20 to 40 meters, … Read more
ACSR means Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced. We mostly choose ACSR for high‐voltage overhead transmission lines. An ACSR consists mainly of two parts. It has multiple layers of pure aluminum strands for carrying current. The purity of aluminum is 99.5%. It also has a central core of galvanized steel. This core provides tensile strength to the … Read more
A photovoltaic cell is nothing but a simple PN junction. There is an N-type semiconductor layer facing the sunlight. The P-type semiconductor sits below the N-type layer. Obviously, at the junction of the N and P-type semiconductors, there is a depletion layer. Theory of Depletion Layer The basic theory of the depletion layer at the … Read more
Scientists began producing monocrystalline silicon nearly a century ago. Scientist Jan Czochralski discovered the modern process in 1918. However, engineers had built the first silicon solar cell by 1941. Manufacturers follow eight simple steps for this process. Make Metallurgical Silicon Silicon is the main material in monocrystalline panels. It comes from silica sand or quartzite … Read more
A grid-connected rooftop solar power plant converts sunlight into electricity. It supplies power to a building. It also sends extra power to the electric grid. The system works step by step from left to right. Rooftop Solar Modules A Solar PV module contains a predetermined number of photovoltaic cells. Solar PV modules are installed on … Read more
A solar panel does not give the same electric power all the time. Power changes with sunlight and temperature. To use the panel efficiently, we must extract maximum power. This is done using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). MPPT is used inside solar inverters. It mainly uses DC–DC converters. What is MPPT? MPPT is a … Read more
A DC–DC converter is an electronic circuit. It changes one DC voltage level into another DC voltage level. It does this without changing DC to AC. Why is a DC-DC converter needed? Solar panels give variable DC voltages. Because the photovoltaic cells produce voltage depending on the intensity of sunlight. The load needs a fixed … Read more
A high-voltage power system deals with a huge quantity of currents. Unfortunately, the huge size of meters or protection relays is not available in the market. For cost and size optimization, the meters and relays are normally designed with a 1 A or 5 A rating. Therefore, there must be some means by which we … Read more